ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH SHIGELLA CONTAMINATION OF WATER SOURCES IN OKOFIA, OTOLO, NNEWI NORTH LGA, ANAMBRA STATE

Abstract

Access to safe drinking water remains a critical public health concern, particularly in developing regions where waterborne pathogens such as Shigella spp. pose significant health risks. This study assessed the prevalence of Shigella species in 20 drinking water samples collected from wells, boreholes, streams, and sachet water in Okofia, Otolo, Nnewi North LGA, Anambra State. The samples were analyzed using standard microbiological techniques, and results were compared with WHO and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) guidelines. Findings revealed varying contamination levels across water sources, with streams showing the highest prevalence of Shigella. The study underscores the need for improved water treatment and sanitation measures to mitigate waterborne disease risks in the study area.